咖啡風味的前調中調後調 The Flavor Profile of Coffee: Top, Middle, and Base Notes
咖啡的風味可以分為前調、中調和後調，這種分類用於描述咖啡在品嚐過程中味道的變化，有助於描述咖啡風味的層次和演變，更好地理解咖啡的複雜性以及不同階段所呈現的風味特點。和香水的前調、中調和後調在概念上是相似的，香氣分子具有不同的性質，在皮膚上或空氣中的揮發速度和持久度各不相同，都用來描述在感官體驗中不同階段的特點和變化，有助於更深入地理解咖啡風味的前、中、後調。
The flavor of coffee can be divided into top, middle, and base notes, a classification used to describe the taste evolution during the tasting process, helping to understand the complexity of coffee flavor and the characteristics presented at different stages. Similar to the top, middle, and base notes in perfumery, aromatic molecules possess different properties, exhibiting various volatilities and persistencies on the skin or in the air, used to describe characteristics and changes in different stages of sensory experiences, aiding in a deeper understanding of the top, middle, and base notes of coffee flavor.
前調(Top Notes)：
咖啡的前調主要體現在咖啡的香氣和最初的味道。在香水中是揮發速度最快也最容易被嗅覺所補捉到的風味。前調包括咖啡的香甜以及初次品嚐的酸甜印象，前調通常呈現出清新、活潑的感覺，前調比較常見的風味：柑橘、檸檬類的香氣，前調在品嚐的一開始即可體驗到。
The top notes of coffee mainly manifest in the aroma and initial taste of coffee. In perfumery, these are the fastest-volatile aromas and the easiest to detect. Top notes include the sweet aroma and initial impression of acidity in coffee. They often present a fresh and lively feeling, with common flavors such as citrus and lemon aromas, which can be experienced right from the start of the tasting.
中調(Middle Notes)：
中調是咖啡風味的主體，包括了咖啡的主調性、豐富度和複雜性。在香水中是揮發速度僅次於前調的香氣，是香水的主旋律。中調是品嚐咖啡過程中持續的、主要的風味階段，通常呈現出咖啡的濃郁風味，中調比較常見的風味：果香、堅果以及花香類的風味，中調是品嚐咖啡過程中主要的風味階段。
The middle notes represent the main body, richness, and complexity of coffee flavor. In perfumery, these are the aromas with volatilities just after the top notes, serving as the main theme of the perfume. The middle notes are the sustained and primary flavor stage during coffee tasting, usually showcasing the rich flavor of coffee, with common flavors including fruity, nutty, and floral notes. The middle notes are the main flavor stage experienced during coffee tasting.
後調(Base Notes)：
咖啡的後調呈現在品嚐後，當咖啡在口中停留或在品嚐結束後的餘韻中，也稱為尾韻。在香水中也稱為底調，是整個香水中定香的角色，支撐了整個味道的穩定度，芳香分子持久度高也最不易揮發。後調通常帶有濃烈的餘韻，使得整個品嚐過程更加豐富，後調比較常見的風味：焦糖、香料以及木質調雪松類的風味，後調風味與咖啡的餘韻相關，持久感較強。
The base notes of coffee are perceived after tasting, when the coffee lingers in the mouth or in the aftertaste following the tasting. In perfumery, these are also known as the base notes, playing a role in fixing the fragrance of the perfume and providing stability to the overall scent, with highly persistent aromatic molecules that are least volatile. The base notes typically have a strong lingering aftertaste, enriching the entire tasting experience. Common flavors include caramel, spices, and woody cedar notes, with the base notes closely related to the coffee's aftertaste, exhibiting a stronger and more persistent sensation.
咖啡和香水是兩種截然不同的物質，在實際感知和呈現上會有一些差異。咖啡風味來自咖啡豆經烘焙而產生，而香水的香氣則來自複雜的香料組合；咖啡風味通常是品嚐感知，香水是噴灑在皮膚上或空氣中感知。
Coffee and perfumes are two entirely different substances, with some differences in perception and presentation. Coffee flavor comes from roasted coffee beans, while perfume scents come from complex combinations of fragrances; coffee flavor is usually perceived through tasting, while perfume is sensed by spraying on the skin or into the air.
在品嚐藝妓咖啡豆時，一開始會出現檸檬、柑橘的風味，在尾韻會出現糖香風味，像是在品嚐「巴拿馬 翡翠莊園 綠標 私藏精選 Jaramillo 藝妓 水洗」時，前調是檸檬與茉莉花香、中調是甜桃與香柚、後調是紅茶香甜與荔枝。在品嚐「台灣 阿里山 達邦村 飲山郁 水洗」時，前調是甜梅、中調是柳橙與蔗糖、後調是蜜香。
When tasting Geisha coffee beans, lemon and citrus flavors may appear at the beginning, followed by a sugary aroma in the aftertaste. For example, when tasting "Panama Emerald Estate Green Label Private Reserve Jaramillo Geisha Washed," the top notes include lemon and jasmine aroma, the middle notes feature peach and grapefruit, and the base notes offer a sweet tea and lychee aroma. When tasting "Taiwan Alishan Dabang Alishanwin Washed," the top notes are sweet plum, the middle notes are orange and sugarcane, and the base notes are honey fragrance.
咖啡風味的前調、中調和後調涵蓋了豐富的風味元素，從前調的柑橘、檸檬香氣，到中調的花香、果香，再到後調的焦糖、木質香氣，展示了咖啡品嚐過程中風味層次的豐富性和變化。挑選一支風味豐富飽滿的豆子，好好品嚐咖啡風味的前調、中調、後調的豐富變化體驗！
The top, middle, and base notes of coffee flavor encompass a rich array of flavor elements, from the citrus and lemon aroma of the top notes to the floral and fruity notes of the middle notes, and finally to the caramel and woody aroma of the base notes, demonstrating the richness and variation of flavor layers during the coffee tasting process. Choose a rich and full-bodied bean to experience the rich changes in coffee flavor from top, middle, to base notes!
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