Arabica Coffee Variety 74114 - In the 20th century, Ethiopia, with official support, embarked on a series of projects to search for, test, and name coffee varieties. In 1974 and 1975, improved coffee varieties resistant to coffee berry disease were discovered. These varieties are named in two parts. The first part indicates the year they were developed, such as 74 or 75, which is why we increasingly see varieties like 74110, 74112, 74158, and 74114. The second part, the 110, 112, etc., is the batch variety code. They are collectively known as the JARC 74/75 series, with JARC being the abbreviation for the Jimma Agricultural Research Center."

The coffee tree, botanically classified under the Rubiaceae family and the Coffea subgenus, is an evergreen tree. Coffee beans are the seeds of the coffee fruit. There are three main varieties: Arabica, Robusta, and Liberica. These three varieties cannot crossbreed to produce different subspecies. The world’s specialty coffee comes from the Arabica variety, and within Arabica, there are various subspecies resulting from evolution, hybridization, and mutation.

Arabica coffee originates from Ethiopia in Africa. To this day, hundreds, even thousands, of wild coffee varieties exist within Ethiopia. Many grow naturally in the ancient forests. Countless local evolutions, mutations, and cross-pollinations have created a vast original variety pool. This local mixed variety is known as the Arabica genetic pool. The indigenous varieties produced within Ethiopia are referred to as Heirloom.